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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medicines can be a useful tool for managing anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists are trained in the use and prescription of medication. They can prescribe the appropriate medication to minimize side effects. The typical treatment for anxiety disorders is three-pronged and consists of psychotherapy, exercise and medication. SSRIs are the most popular option of medication to treat anxiety, can take up to several weeks to work. SSRIs Most anxiety disorders can be treated with SSRIs. The latest SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than tricyclics older than tricyclics as well as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. A variety of SSRIs have been FDA-approved to treat generalized anxiety disorder. These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline, (aka Zoloft), as and citalopram (aka Celexa). These medications boost serotonin levels in the brain. They may also help to increase norepinephrine and BDNF. They are able to be employed in combination with psychotherapy or on their own. SSRIs can cause nausea or digestive issues, however these effects tend to diminish when the body is accustomed to the medication. The exact mechanism of the action of SSRIs on anxiety isn't fully known. It is believed that SSRIs block the reuptake serotonin by the post-synaptic neuron and increase the amount of serotonin that is present in the synaptic gaps. This increases the signaling across the synapses, which reduces anxiety symptoms. In addition to reducing anxiety, SSRIs may reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression as well as other mental disorders that are often associated with anxiety disorders. They can be used with psychotherapy or cognitive behavior therapy to improve their effectiveness. In contrast to other classes of antidepressants, SSRIs are not believed to be addictive. It is nevertheless important to follow the doctor's instructions. If you discontinue your medication suddenly and suddenly, it can trigger “discontinuation syndrome” and a return of anxiety symptoms. If SSRIs are not suitable for your needs, your doctor may look into a different kind of antidepressants, such as mirtazapine or nefazodone. These medications are also very efficient, but they carry more risk of having side effects than the newer SSRIs. SSRIs can interact with certain foods, such as red meat, eggs, dairy, and some fruits and vegetables. It is recommended to stay clear of these foods if you're taking these medications. It is also generally recommended that you avoid alcohol when taking SSRIs since it may cause some adverse effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines improve the calming effect of certain chemical substances within the brain and nervous system. They work by increasing the effects of the neurotransmitter, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is a chemical that suppresses nerve activity. These drugs are effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other psychological disorders. However they can also be addictive and should only be used for short durations of time under medical supervision. They can be harmful when used for recreational purposes, or mixed with alcohol and other substances. If someone suffers from anxiety disorders, they typically resort to medication as their first choice. However, this is not the only option. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, has also been proven to reduce the symptoms of anxiety disorder. There are a myriad of psychotherapies, but cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most popular and efficient. This type of psychotherapy can teach you how to modify your behavior and thoughts so that you don't feel anxious as much. The most common benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium), clorazepate (Tranxene), Lorazepam (Ativan) and Quazepam (Dalmane). Each one has its own set of adverse effects, but they all have similar properties pharmacologically. For example, clorazepate is more effective for treating seizures than other drugs, and lorazepam works better than quazepam. While benzodiazepines are efficient, they are not advised for long-term use due to the fact that they can cause physical dependence and tolerance. They can also cause withdrawal symptoms, such as an increase in heart rate shaking, sweating, and shaking, if you suddenly stop taking the medication. The symptoms can be extremely uncomfortable and last for weeks however, they can be minimized by gradually reducing the medication. Benzodiazepines can be extremely addictive and should only be used only for a brief period of time. In general, not more than four weeks. During this time, you will need to closely monitor your heart rate and blood pressure to ensure you don't suffer a severe withdrawal reaction. Speak to your doctor in the event that you are thinking of taking a benzodiazepine. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are used to treat anxiety-related symptoms. They block adrenaline from binding to beta receptors within the nervous system. panic anxiety disorder stops the hormone from triggering physical reactions like heart palpitations or tremors. These drugs are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and other conditions of the cardiovascular system however they can be prescribed for off-label use in the case of anxiety. If you are stressed your body releases a chemical called Adrenaline. This chemical signals your body to prepare itself to fight or flee. Adrenaline is a beta receptor that is found in the brain and the heart, causing your heart to beat faster and triggering other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are a class of medications that treat hypertension and other heart conditions they work by preventing the action of adrenaline on its binding which reduces the heart rate and blood pressure. Unlike SSRIs and benzodiazepines, which take weeks or months to produce a noticeable improvement in your symptoms, beta-blockers work quickly. This makes them a great alternative for those who require immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms like those who need to deliver an address in public or travel on an airplane. In addition, they are a good choice for people who suffer from anxiety and an ongoing heart condition like congestive heart failure or atherosclerosis. While beta-blockers can be effective in reducing the physical symptoms of anxiety, they fail to address the underlying cause of the disorder. As a result, they are typically used as part of a larger treatment plan that incorporates counseling and lifestyle modifications. They are useful for people who have tried medications for anxiety and found it to be ineffective, or had unpalatable side effects. There are several different types of beta-blockers, such as propranolol and atenolol. Your doctor will determine the best beta-blocker for you according to your medical history and health status. These medications can trigger negative side effects, including fatigue or low blood pressure It is therefore important to discuss your treatment options with your doctor. MAOIs In the 1950s, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are effective antidepressants that can treat depression and anxiety disorders. However, they're not used as frequently as SSRIs or other antidepressants due to the need for strict diet restrictions and the potential for interactions with drugs. Some MAOIs are taken orally in tablet form while others (such as Emsam) come in the form of a transdermal patch that's applied to the skin each day. MAOIs inhibit the action of MAO which increases the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine that is found in the brain. These neurotransmitters play a role in mood, sleep, appetite, and sexual function. MAOIs also have effects on anxiety. However they are more likely to trigger side effects than TCAs and SSRIs and come with warnings in boxes for suicide. Your doctor may prescribe additional medications or treatments to manage your symptoms, in addition to the MAOIs below. A beta-blocker, like propranolol is frequently prescribed to reduce physical symptoms that are associated with anxiety. Your doctor may recommend a relaxation technique, or other home treatments to help ease your symptoms. The original MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during tuberculosis research in 1952. It was quickly discovered to have mood-elevating qualities and is considered the original antidepressant drug. MAOIs should be used only after other antidepressants have failed, as they can cause serious side effects that require immediate medical attention. If you use an MAOI and consume foods containing the chemical tyramine that is found in a variety of red meats, cheeses, shellfish, fish, as well as some nutritional supplements, it can trigger an adverse reaction that can result in high blood pressure. The symptoms of this reaction include a throbbing headache, nausea vomiting, as well as a fast heart rate. MAOIs may also interact with other drugs and cause severe side effects, like suicidal thoughts and behavior. Your doctor will discuss your dietary needs with you before prescribing MAOIs. The doctor will advise you against eating foods that contain tyramine when taking the drug. They might also provide you with an inventory of food that are safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide will help you to avoid MAOI-related symptoms.